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Fall Prevention
Each
year, about one-third of individuals 65 years of age or older
will fall, and some will be disabled by the broken bones that
can follow. In many cases, a fall can be precipitated by
medications such as sedatives, muscle relaxants, and blood
pressure drugs that can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or
loss of balance.
When two or more medications are
used in combination, these side effects may be aggravated. Falls
also result from diminished vision, hearing, muscle weakness,
diminished
coordination and reflexes and from diseases that affect
balance.
This safety checklist can help
you eliminate many common household hazards:
Floors:
Remove all loose wires, cords, and throw rugs.
Minimize clutter. Make sure rugs are anchored and smooth. Keep
furniture in its accustomed place.
Bathrooms: Install grab bars and non-skid tape in
the tub or shower.
Lighting: Make sure halls, stairways, and
entrances are well lit. Install a night light in your bathroom /
bedroom.
Turn lights on if you get up in the middle of the night.
Kitchen:
Install non-skid rubber mats near sink and stove.
Clean spills immediately.
Stairs:
Make sure treads, rails, and rugs are secure.
Other
precautions: Wear sturdy, rubber-soled shoes.
Keep your intake of alcoholic beverages to a minimum. Ask your
doctor whether any of your medications might cause you to fall.
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The physical therapist roll in fall
prevention is not limited to the senior community. Physical
therapists are also involved in implementing industrial fall
prevention as well. Iowa State University's "Fall
Prevention Guidelines" require that employees exposed to a
potential free-fall greater than six feet must receive fall
protection training and implement proper fall prevention methods.
Employees will never be required nor allowed to perform any duties
which require the employee to get closer than six feet to an
unprotected edge, platform or walkway of any building, nor to
utilize elevated equipment unless the employee is properly secured
from falling six feet or more. Employees are also restricted from
stepping across any elevated opening greater than 12 inches when
that opening is elevated 6 feet or more above a walking/working
surface.
The International Society for Fall
Protection states that "in one year, fall-related accidents
account for more than 800,000 injuries and 13,000 fatalities in
North America." An estimated $40 billion was spent as a result
of these accidents. Accidents and fatalities involving falls
could be reduced by establishing clear, enforceable and
consistent rules.
The OSHA Fall Protection Standard
deals with both human and equipment-related issues in protecting
workers from fall hazards. This standard is designed to prevent
workers from falling off, into or through working levels and to
protect employees from being struck by falling objects. The most
frequently cited OSHA standard involves "improper guarding of
open sided floors or platforms." Further information concerning
the standard can be obtained by referring to
OSHA Standard 1910.23
Guarding Floor and Wall Opening and Holes and
OSHA Standard 1926
Subpart m Fall Protection.
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Aquatic Therapy
What
is Aquatic Therapy?
It is therapy or rehabilitation performed in water. Aquatic
therapy involves physical activity, exercise and motion assisted
by physical therapists. Individuals who otherwise would have
difficulty or inability with exercise or movement outside of the
water because of pain or weakness, for example, find the warmth
and buoyancy of the water most helpful. Resistance created by
water and additional pool equipment provides a faster means for
muscle strengthening and recovery. The sensation of partial
weightlessness in water allows the weak, injured or disabled
person to be empowered in this environment. In addition to
strength and mobility being improved by aquatic therapy it also
provides a successful way to improve cardiovascular fitness and
total wellness. Aerobic training can be accomplished in
individuals that otherwise could not train on dry land.
Conditions
commonly treated with aquatic therapy:
cardiac conditions, neurologic disorders such as strokes,
Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, weight reduction
for obese patients, herniated discs, post surgical joint
replacements, rotator cuff repairs, healing fractures,
arthritis, fibromyalgia, cancer related fatigue, chronic pain
disorders, lymphedema, spinal stenosis, and post knee surgery
Insurance
coverage:
Aquatic therapy is covered under Medicare and most
health insurance plans.
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